Wood impregnation autoclave

Introduction to wood impregnation autoclave:

Wood treatment tanks are pressure vessels used for the preservation, impregnation, fumigation, flame retardant treatment, carbonization, steaming, and dyeing of bamboo and wood products in furniture manufacturing, outdoor gardening, landscaping, villas, and interior decoration. The simple process involves placing the wood in the tank, evacuating the gas inside the cell cavities of the wood and the air inside the tank, and then introducing preservatives and flame retardants into the tank. After pressurization, the preservatives and flame retardants are forced into the cells of the wood. This equipment can be used for various wood processing treatments such as preservation, steaming, coloring, bending, flame retardant treatment, carbonization, and drying. The material is carbon steel Q345R or 304 stainless steel, with a design pressure of 1.58mpa and a design temperature of 180 degrees. The length is determined based on the volume of the wood, or can be customized according to user requirements, maximizing the technical needs of different products.

Specific operation process of wood impregnation autoclave:

1. Pre-vacuum stage:

Put the wood into the pressure impregnation tank, close the tank door, turn on the vacuum pump, and vacuumize the impregnation tank (generally -0.080~-0.095MPa) for 15 minutes to 1 hour to extract the air in the cell cavity of the wood, making it easier for the preservative to be impregnated into the wood and reducing the backlash of preservativeduring pressure relief, retaining more preservative in the wood. This is also the difference between this method and the empty cell method and the improved empty cell method.

2. Stage of adding preservatives:

Add preservative solution without turning off the vacuum pump, that is, under the condition of maintaining the original vacuum degree. If the vacuum pump is turned off before the preservative is fully filled into the pressure impregnation tank, the residual air in the impregnation tank, or the vapor generated by the treatment solution, will be compressed to the upper part of the impregnation tank. When the preservative solution continues to be added, these gases will fill the space in the upper part of the wood pile that was evacuated during vacuum pumping, causing uneven results in the same batch of treated wood.

3. Pressurization stage:

When the preservative is fully filled in the pressure impregnation tank, the vacuum pump is turned off to eliminate the vacuum. Then, pressure is applied (either hydraulic pressure or air pressure) to reach the required pressure (generally 0.8~1.5MPa) and maintained for a period of time (generally 2~6 hours) until the required amount of preservative has been deeply pressed into the wood, or until the wood refuses to absorb the preservative solution. When the pressure is released at the end of the pressurization stage, due to the expansion of a small amount of air compressed in the wood, 5-15% of the preservative solution absorbed by the wood during the pressurization stage will be rebounded from the wood and returned to the pressure impregnation tank.

4. Drainage stage:

After relieving the pressure, the preservative solution in the pressure impregnation tank is returned to the preservative solution storage tank by utilizing the gravitational force of the preservative solution or using a drainage pump.

5. Post-vacuum stage:

After draining the preservative solution, close all valves, connect the vacuum pump, and start the post-vacuum stage. The vacuum degree of the post-vacuum stage can be the same as the pre-vacuum stage (-0.080~-0.095MPa), or slightly lower, and maintained for 10-30 minutes. Then release the vacuum and discharge the preservative solution extracted during the post-vacuum stage. Open the tank door and remove the treated wood. A cycle of preservative treatment is complete.

Equipment features:

1. Easy to operate and highly automated. The system adopts fully automatic program control, with automatic control of temperature, pressure, and time, ensuring accurate and reliable control. It has high precision and small temperature error, saving energy and manpower.

2. Working medium: Add a medium circulation device to ensure uniform heat treatment, uniform heat distribution inside the tank, and uniform color and odor-free treated wood.

3. Excellent insulation performance: The exterior of the insulation layer tank is made of 100mm aluminum silicate, with steel plates for additional support and fixation, ensuring that heat is not lost or wasted. The head is insulated with a double-layer design, providing excellent temperature retention and energy efficiency.

4. Tank door design: The door opening method is manual quick opening door with dual safety interlocks and automatic control. A single person can easily open and close the door manually, without the risk of the door being unable to open due to power outages.

5. Inflatable seal: The door can be sealed by inflating when it is closed, and the pressure can be released by deflating when the door is opened. As long as there is pressure inside the tank, there will be no air leakage, preventing air leakage inside the tank.

6. High equipment safety: Six-level safety protection measures such as automatic pressure safety interlock, manual safety interlock, automatic pressure control, overpressure alarm system, automatic exhaust valve, and automatic safety valve. As long as there is pressure in the tank, the tank door cannot be opened, which solves the hidden dangers caused by misoperation. It is currently the most reliable pressure vessel equipment in China.

Wood impregnation autoclave model parameters:

Classification and detailed introduction of wood treatment tanks:

1. Wood preservative impregnation tank: Wood impregnation equipment is a specialized pressure vessel that achieves wood preservation, degreasing, flame retardant, and dyeing processes by injecting liquids. The wood impregnation equipment achieves automatic vacuum, pressurization, heating, and uniform frequency injection of mixed liquids through an automatic control system to meet your specific wood processing needs. The mechanism of wood impregnation is to impregnate low molecular weight resins into wood, which polymerize with each other or form hydrogen bonds or chemical bonds with hydroxyl groups in wood under high temperature conditions, generating insoluble polymers inside the cell wall, reducing the number of hydroxyl groups in wood, i.e., reducing the hydrophilicity of wood, thereby resisting the adsorption of water by the cell wall; the resin polymer changes the cell wall to swell and increase capacity, achieving the effect of resisting cell wall contraction; in addition, the density of treated wood is also improved.

2. Wood modification and optimization tank: Wood modification is the process of changing the internal structure of wood to improve its physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. For example, common anti-corrosion treatment, fireproof treatment, and insect-proof treatment are all within the scope of wood modification. Modified wood not only has better moisture resistance and fire resistance, but also has a longer service life. This equipment can be used for the modification and heat treatment of oil wood poles.

3. Wood flame retardant tank: Wood flame retardant equipment is a new type of wood processing equipment. Wood treated by vacuum pressure impregnation can meet customer requirements. It has good quality, smooth and beautiful appearance, long service life, and can save a lot of wood.

4. Wood carbonization tank: The wood carbonization tank is a device that allows wood to be placed inside and directly subjected to steam for carbonization treatment. During the carbonization process, the wood is exposed to high temperatures and subjected to the action of steam and hot air. These factors cause the moisture in the wood to evaporate and gradually decompose into charcoal and volatile substances. Over time, the charcoal content in the wood gradually increases, subsequently forming carbonized wood. This treatment method not only enhances the durability of the wood but also makes it more aesthetically pleasing. Carbonized wood is several times harder than ordinary wood and is resistant to infestation by termites and other insects.

5. Wood sterilization tank: In natural environment, wood is inevitably subject to insect attack, decay, mold, discoloration and other phenomena. This equipment can inject preservatives into the interior of wood cells, making it closely combined with wood cells, changing the original "nutrient" composition in wood fibers, so as to protect it from decaying bacteria, mold, insect pests and other damages, thereby extending the service life of wood.

6. Wood dyeing tank: Wood dyeing process is a deep processing technology that changes the natural wood color into colorful colors. Common wood dyeing varieties include black walnut, white birch, poplar, Thai oak, white oak, and root nodules. The application of the entire equipment is more effective in terms of color enhancement, moisture retention, oxygen enrichment, heat preservation, soil and water conservation, easy grass growth, circulation, and manufacturing.

7. Wood steaming and degreasing tank: The purpose of wood steaming is to soften the wood, increase its plasticity and moisture content, reduce the cutting resistance during planing, and remove some of the oil, tannins, and other extractives from the wood. There are two methods: boiling and steam steaming. The temperature and time of steaming should be controlled according to the type of wood and the hardness of the wood, as well as the thickness of the planing. The harder the wood, the higher the temperature, and the thicker the planing, the longer the steaming time.

8.Wood vacuum drying tank: Vacuum drying is a drying method that places materials under negative pressure conditions and appropriately heats them to reach the boiling point under negative pressure or cools them to solidify the materials and then dries them through the melting point. Vacuum drying causes the boiling point of water in the materials to decrease with increasing vacuum degree under negative pressure conditions, and is supplemented by intermittent dehumidification with a vacuum pump to reduce the water vapor content, allowing solvents such as water in the materials to obtain sufficient kinetic energy to detach from the surface of the materials.